Ukusaveya Umhlaba Ngaphambi Kokuthenga Isiza: Uhlu Lokuhlola Lwezinhlamvu Eziyi-10 Lokuqapha
Iningi lezimpikiswano zomhlaba eNdiya alizange liqale ngenkohliso. Ziqala ngomngcele ongakalinganiswanga ngokunembile. Uthango olwakhelwe amafidi amabili endaweni yomakhelwane, inombolo yesaveyi ethathwe kudokhumenti endala eyahlukaniswa eminyakeni edlule, noma indlela yokungena eyagcina isiwumhlaba womunye umuntu, konke lokhu kuvamise ukutholakala ngemuva kokuba idokhumenti yokuthengisa isayinwe.
Ukusaveya umhlaba ngaphambi kokuthenga isiza akusiyo nje inqubo yamaphepha. Yisinyathelo esisodwa esiqinisekisa ukuthi umhlaba okhokhela wona uzoba ngowakho ngokugcwele. Ngezansi kunohlu lokuhlola lwezinhlamvu eziyi-10 olusetshenziswa emsebenzini wasensimini, olususelwa kulokho isaveyi yomhlaba efanele ikuveza ngokucacile ngaphambi kokuba kube inkinga.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Lwezinhlamvu Eziyi-10 Lwesaveyi Yomhlaba
Qinisekisa ukuthi inombolo yesaveyi iyahambisana nomhlaba
Hamba nomthengisi endaweni yomhlaba ukuze ubone ukuthi inombolo yesaveyi noma inombolo yokuhlonza abayishoyo iyahambisana nalokho umsaveyi onelayisensi akuphawulile endaweni, hhayi kuphela lokho okubhalwe kudokhumenti yokuthengisa.
Linganisa umngcele wangempela nge-DGPS noma i-total station
Ungathembeli othangweni lomthengisi noma incazelo ngomlomo. Umngcele olinganiswe endaweni ukunika isilinganiso ongasiqinisekisa kamuva.
Qhathanisa indawo elinganisiwe nedokhumenti ye-7/12 noma amarekhodi omhlaba
Fanisa indawo elinganisiwe nerekhodi lentela. Uma kunomehluko omkhulu, kudingeka incazelo ngaphambi kokuqhubeka, hhayi kamuva.
Hlola ukuhlaselwa kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ezine
Umhlaba eNdiya, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseduze nedolobha, uvamise ukuncipha kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokwakhiwa komakhelwane noma amathango angekho emthethweni. Isaveyi ikhombisa lokhu ngokucacile ekhoneni ngalinye.
Qinisekisa ilungelo lokungena emhlabeni
Qinisekisa ukuthi indlela yokungena iyindlela yomphakathi; uma idlula emhlabeni womunye umuntu, qinisekisa ukuthi le mvume ibhaliwe futhi ibhaliswe.
Yenza ucwaningo ngobunikazi nesikweletu
Idokhumenti yobunikazi ebhalisiwe kanye nesitifiketi sesikweletu esimbomboze umlando wobunikazi omude, kunciphisa ubungozi bezikweletu ezifihliwe noma izimpikiswano ezihlobene nomhlaba.
Hlola ukuhlukaniswa kokusetshenziswa komhlaba nesimo sokuguqulwa
Qinisekisa ukuthi umhlaba uwolimo noma cha; uma uhlela ukwakha, hlola ukuthi imvume yokuguqulwa isivele inikeziwe noma isalindile.
Hlola isimo somhlaba ngaphambi kokwamukela uhlelo lokusetshenziswa
Ukuqhingqiqa, isiqondiso samanzi ehla, nezindawo eziphansi kunomthelela ezindlekweni zokwakha nasengozini yesikhukhula ngendlela uhlelo lomhlaba oluyisicaba olungakaze lukhombise.
Thola umbiko wesaveyi obhaliwe, hhayi nje ukuqinisekiswa ngomlomo
Umbiko obhaliwe onezilinganiso nemephu yomngcele ukuphela into imeluleki wakho, ibhange, noma ihhovisi lentela abazoyamukela lapho kuvela imibuzo kamuva.
Xazulula noma yimuphi umehluko ngaphambi kokubhalisa, hhayi kamuva
Uma isaveyi namadokhumenti kungahambisani, xazulula lokhu ngaphambi kokusayina. Ukulungisa ngemuva kokubhalisa kusho inqubo kahulumeni futhi ngokuvamile izindleko zomthetho.
Kungani abathengi bewuyeqa lesi sinyathelo, futhi kungani kubuyela nomonakalo
Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuthi abathengi bayeqe isaveyi yomhlaba ngaphambi kokuthenga wukucindezeleka kwesikhathi: intengo enhle, umthengisi ofuna ukuvala isivumelwano ngokushesha, umenzeli wokuthengisa ophuthumisa izinto. Ekuhlangenwe nakho kwethu komsebenzi wasensimini, umhlaba ogcina uphikiswana ngomngcele phecelezi uvame ukuthengwa ngesethembiso ngomlomo esikhundleni sombiko wesaveyi. Isaveyi ivame ukuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa nje. Impikiswano yomngcele ingase ithathe iminyaka.
Izindleko zesaveyi ngaphambi kokuthenga zincane kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nenani lomhlaba. Umhlaba osifonelayo ukuze siwulinganise kabusha ngemuva kwempikiswano uvame ukungabi nokuhlolwa komngcele okuzimele ngaphambi kokuthengiswa.
Yimaphi amadokhumenti okufanele aletha kusaveyi
Yini ngempela ekhona kumbiko wesaveyi yomhlaba
| Ingxenye | Yini eyiqinisekisayo |
|---|---|
| Isilinganiso somngcele | Izindawo zangempela, ezilinganisiwe zekhona lomhlaba |
| Indawo ebaliwe | Indawo yangempela evela ekusaveyeni kwensimu, efaniswa nerekhodi |
| Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa | Noma iyiphi indawo lapho uthango noma umngcele wokwakha ehluke khona emngceleni womthetho |
| Ukuqinisekiswa kokungena | Ukuthi ukungena emhlabeni kuqinisekisiwe yini ngokomthetho |
| Amazwana esimo somhlaba | Ukubukwa kokuqhingqiqa nesiqondiso samanzi kokwakha kwesikhathi esizayo |
Thenga umhlaba isaveyi eyiqinisekisile, hhayi lowo ochazwa yincwajana yokumaketha.
Indlela iTrishunya eyenza ngayo isaveyi ngaphambi kokuthenga
Amaqembu ethu asensimini asebenzisa amasu e-Isaveyi ye-DGPS ne-RTK ukuze abophele ikhona ngalinye lomngcele esilinganisweni esiqondile, ahambisane namadokhumenti omthengisi, futhi anikeze umthengi umbiko ongama phambi kommeli noma ibhange. Uma kudingeka isithombe esigcwele somhlaba, sihlanganisa lokhu nedatha ye-saveyi ye-topography embomboze ukuqhingqiqa nesiqondiso samanzi, ngoba ngisho nomngcele ohlanzekile ngokomthetho ungase ube yindawo embi yokwakha.
Ungaze uphothule ukuthenga umhlaba ngokususelwa kuphela ohlelweni lomhlaba oluyisicaba lomenzeli wokuthengisa noma uhambo lomngcele ngomlomo. Gcina uqinile ekutholeni umbiko wesaveyi olinganiswe endaweni ngaphambi kokubhalisa.
Usukulungele ukusayina umhlaba?
Isaveyi encane yomngcele ngaphambi kokuthenga manje ishibhe kakhulu kunokulinganisa kabusha ngemuva kwempikiswano.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo
Idokhumenti yokuthengisa iqinisekisa ubunikazi ngokomthetho ephepheni, kodwa ayiqinisekisi ukuthi umngcele wangempela endaweni uyahambisana nalowo ochaziwe. Yisaveyi yomhlaba kuphela engaqinisekisa lokhu.
Kumhlaba wesizinda ojwayelekile noma wolimo, isaveyi nombiko kuvame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kuye ngobukhulu bomhlaba, isimo somhlaba, nokutholakala kwendawo.
Ukuhlaselwa komngcele ngenxa yothango noma ukwakhiwa komakhelwane yinkinga evame kakhulu, kulandele umehluko wendawo lapho kuqhathaniswa namarekhodi entela amadala.
Umbiko wesaveyi obhaliwe ngezilinganiso, kanye namarekhodi obunikazi nentela, uvame ukusetshenziswa njengobufakazi bezobuchwepheshe obusekelayo ezimpikiswaneni zomngcele.
Ngaphambili. Kulula ukuxoxisana noma ukususa noma imuphi umehluko otholwe kusaveyi ngaphambi kokusayina kunangemuva kokubhalisa.
Isaveyi ye-DGPS isebenzisa indawo yesathelayithi ukuze ibophele ikhona ngalinye lomngcele esilinganisweni esiqondile; isilinganiso sethephu senziwa ngesandla, sinensiyanyana, futhi amathuba amaphutha aphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni omkhulu noma ongajwayelekile ngesimo.
Isaveyi yomzimba igxile emngceleni nasendaweni. Ukuhlukaniswa kokusetshenziswa komhlaba nesimo sokuguqulwa kuwukuhlola okuhlukile, ngokuvamile kuqinisekiswa eceleni kwesaveyi kusuka emarekhodini kamasipala noma entela.
Letha lolu daba kumthengisi nakumeluleki wakho ngaphambi kokuqhubeka. Umehluko omncane ungachazwa ngezindlela zesaveyi zakudala, kodwa imehluko emikhulu idinga ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokukhokha.
Akuyona impoqo ngokomthetho emhlabeni wonke kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokuthengiselana, kodwa incoma kakhulu njengomkhuba ongcono kunazo zonke, futhi ezinye izifundazwe zikwenza kube impoqo kwezinye izinhlobo zomhlaba noma umhlaba owabiwe.
Sebenzisa iqembu lesaveyi elinelayisensi elinemishini ye-DGPS noma i-total station, futhi elinolwazi ekulungiseleleni imibiko ehambisana nezidingo zomthetho nokubhalisa, hhayi isaveyi engahleliwe.
Le layini injongo yayo ngeyemibuzo yenkonzo kuphela. Ngicela ungaxhumani ngenxa yemfundo, uqeqesho, noma umsebenzi.