Mmene Kuyeza Malo ndi Drone Kumagwirira Ntchito: Kuchokera ku Pulani ya Ndege mpaka Mapu Omaliza
Makasitomala ambiri amaganiza kuti kuyeza malo ndi drone ndi kuwuluka kamodzi kokha komwe kumatulutsa mapu nthawi yomweyo. Kwenikweni, ili ndi magawo asanu ndi limodzi osiyanasiyana aukadaulo, pomwe kulumpha kapena kufulumira pa gawo lililonse kungathe kuwononga molakwika zotsatira zomaliza mwakachetechete. Kumvetsetsa zomwe zimachitika pakati pa kunyamuka kwa ndege ndi mapu omalizidwa a orthomosaic kumafotokoza chifukwa chake kafukufuku awiri a drone a malo omwewo angapereke zotsatira zosiyana kwambiri.
Kuyeza malo kwaukadaulo ndi drone kumadutsa pakukonzekera kuuluka, kukhazikitsa mfundo zowongolera pansi (GCP), kusonkhanitsa zithunzi zakuthambo kapena data ya LiDAR, kukonza data pakompyuta, kuyang'ana khalidwe ndi kupanga zikalata zomaliza. Gawo lililonse limadalira kwathunthu pa lomwe lidalipo kale. Mwachitsanzo, pulani ya ndege yomwe ili ndi gawo lolakwika lakulumikizana kwa zithunzi (overlap) silingakonzedwe pambuyo pake pakukonza data.
Magawo Asanu ndi Limodzi Akuluakulu Oyeza Malo ndi Drone
Kukonzekera Kuuluka (Flight Planning)
Malire a malo, kusamvana kwa zithunzi (GSD), kutalika kwa ndege ndi kuchuluka kwa kulumikizana kwa zithunzi zimayikidwa mu pulogalamu ya mapu.
Kukhazikitsa Mfundo Zowongolera Pansi (GCP)
Zizindikiro zoyezedwa ndi DGPS zimayikidwa pamalowo ndege isananyamuke, kulumikiza data yakuthambo ndi zolondola zenizeni zapadziko lapansi.
Kutenga Zithunzi Zakuthambo
Drone imawuluka molingana ndi njira yokonzedwa, kutenga zithunzi zolumikizana mosalekeza kapena data ya laser ya LiDAR.
Kukonza Data Pakompyuta
Pulogalamu yapadera imagwirizanitsa zikwi za zithunzi kuti ipange mapu amodzi a orthomosaic, 3D point cloud ndi mtundu wa malo a digito (DTM).
Kuyang'ana Ubwino ndi Zolondola
Data yokonzedwa imayerekezedwa ndi mfundo zowongolera pansi kutsimikizira kuti zolondola zikukwaniritsa zofunikira za uinjiniya.
Kupanga Zotsatira Zomaliza
Mapu a contour, zojambula za CAD, ma DTM ndi malipoti a uinjiniya amatumizidwa m'njira yomwe mainjiniya a kasitomala amafunira.
N’chifukwa Chiyani Mfundo Zowongolera Pansi (GCP) Zili Zofunika Kwambiri?
Popanda mfundo zowongolera pansi zoyezedwa ndi DGPS, kuyeza kwa drone kumatha kupanga mapu owoneka bwino koma osokonekera ndi mamita angapo pamalo enieni. Ma GCP amamangirira data yakuthambo ku miyeso yeniyeni, yomwe ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa chithunzi wamba ndi mapu olondola a uinjiniya.
| Gawo | Zowonongeka Zomwe Zimachitika Mukachita Mwachangu |
|---|---|
| Kukonzekera kuuluka | Kulumikizana kosakwanira kwa zithunzi kumabweretsa mipata kapena zolakwika pakulumikiza |
| Kukhazikitsa GCP | Kuperewera kwa ma GCP kumapangitsa mapu onse kusuntha malo ake |
| Kutenga zithunzi | Kuwala kochepa kapena mphepo yamphamvu kumachepetsa ubwino wa zithunzi ndi kulondola |
| Kukonza data | Kudumpha cheke cha khalidwe kumalola zolakwika kulowa mu lipoti lomaliza popanda kudziwika |
Chithunzi cha orthomosaic chowoneka bwino sichitsimikizira kulondola kwa msinkhu wa uinjiniya palokha. Nthawi zonse funsani ngati zotsatira zinatsimikiziridwa poyerekeza ndi mfundo zowongolera pansi.
Kuwulutsa drone ndi gawo losavuta kwambiri. Zomwe zimachitika ndege isanawuluke komanso itawuluka ndi zomwe zimatsimikizira ngati mapu akhoza kukhulupirika.
Zinthu Zomwe Zimatsimikizira Kulondola Kotsiriza
Kutalika kwa ndege, kulumikizana kwa zithunzi, mtundu wa kamera ndi kuchuluka kwa ma GCP zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kudziwa kulondola komaliza. Ndondomeko yathu ya kuyeza ndi drone imaona kukhazikitsa ma GCP ngati sitepe yofunika kwambiri, ndipo ntchito iliyonse imaphatikizapo kuyang'ana malo musanapereke zotsatira zomaliza.
Kodi mukufuna kudziwa zomwe ziyenera kuphatikizidwa mu lipoti lanu la kuyeza malo ndi drone?
Lumikizanani ndi mainjiniya athu kuti mukambirane mwatsatanetsatane momwe malo anu adzayezedwere ndikukonzedwa.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kukonzekera kuuluka, kukhazikitsa GCP, kutenga zithunzi, kukonza data, kuyang'ana kulondola ndi kupanga mapu.
Ma GCP amalumikiza zithunzi zakuthambo ku zolondola za DGPS kuti mapu asasunthe pamalo ake enieni.
Kawirikawiri 70 mpaka 80 peresenti ya kulumikizana pakati pa zithunzi zoyandikana kumafunika kuti pulogalamu ilumikize bwino.
Zimatengera kukula kwa malo, kuyambira tsiku 1 pa malo ang'onoang'ono mpaka masiku angapo pa ntchito zazikulu za LiDAR.
Orthomosaic ndi chithunzi chimodzi chapamwamba kwambiri chomwe chakonzedwa zolakwika mwa kulumikiza zikwi za zithunzi za drone.
Malo apakati nthawi zambiri amafunika ma GCP 4 mpaka 6, ndipo amawonjezeka pamalo aakulu kapena amapiri.
Inde, mphepo yamphamvu, mdima ndi mithunzi ya mitambo zimachepetsa ubwino wa zithunzi, motero ndege zimawuluka m'nyengo yabwino.
Mapu a orthomosaic, mtundu wa DTM, mapu a contour, zojambula za CAD ndi 3D point cloud.
Zolondola za chitsanzo zikufanizidwa ndi mfundo zoyezedwa paokha pamunda.
Inde, magawo asanu ndi limodzi akuluakulu amakhalabe ofanana pamalo aliwonse, zomwe zimasintha ndi kukula kwa ntchito ndi nthawi.
Mzerewu ndi wapadera pamapulojekiti okha. Chonde musalumikizane ndi zofunsa zophunzitsidwa kapena ntchito.