Uburyo Gupima Ubutaka Hakoreshejwe Drones Bikora: Kuva ku Nteganyanyigisho kugeza ku Ikarita Ntukuru
Abakiriya bakunze gutekereza ko gupima ubutaka na drone ari ukuguruka rimwe gusa ugahita ubona ikarita ako kanya. Mu by'ukuri, bigizwe n'ibyiciro bitandatu bya tekiniki bitandukanye, aho gusimbuka cyangwa kwihutisha intambwe iyo ari yo yose bishobora kwangiza mu buryo butagaragara ukuri kw'ibipimo bya nyuma. Gusobanukirwa ibiba hagati yo guhaguruka kwa drone no kubona ikarita ya orthomosaic irangiye bisobanura impamvu ibipimo bibiri bya drone ku butaka bumwe bishobora gutanga ibisubizo bitandukanye cyane mu bwiza.
Igikorwa cy'umwuga cyo gupima ubutaka na drone kinyura mu gutegura urugendo, gushyiraho amanota y'ubugenzuzi ku butaka (GCP), gufata amafoto yo mu kirere cyangwa amakuru ya LiDAR, gutunganya amakuru kuri mudasobwa, kugenzura ubuziranenge no gutanga inyandiko za nyuma. Buri cyiciro gishingira ku cyabanje. Urugero, intego y'urugendo yateguwe nabi ku kigero cyo gufatana kw'amafoto (overlap) ntishobora gukosorwa nyuma mu gihe cyo gutunganya amakuru.
Ibyiciro Bitandatu By'ingenzi Byo Gupima Ubutaka na Drone
Gutunganya Gahunda y'Urugendo (Flight Planning)
Imbibi z'ubutaka, ubwiza bw'ifoto bukenewe (GSD), ubuhagarike bwo kuguruka n'ikigero cyo gufatana kw'amafoto bitegurwa muri software.
Gushyiraho Amanota y'Ubugenzuzi ku Butaka (GCP)
Ibimenyetso byapimwe na DGPS bishyirwa ku butaka mbere y'uko drone iguruka, bigahuza amakuru yo mu kirere n'imibare nyakuri y'aho hantu.
Gufata Amakuru yo mu Kirere
Drone iguruka ikurikiza umurongo wateguwe, igafata amafoto yikurikiranya afatanye cyangwa amakuru y'imirasire ya LiDAR.
Gutunganya Amakuru kuri Mudasobwa
Software yihariye ihuriza hamwe ibihumbi by'amafoto igakora ikarita imwe ya orthomosaic, 3D point cloud n'icyitegererezo cy'imiterere y'ubutaka (DTM).
Kugenzura Ubuziranenge n'Ukuri
Amakuru yatunganyijwe agereranywa n'amanota y'ubugenzuzi ku butaka kugira ngo hemezwe ko ibipimo byubahirije ibisabwa mu buhanga bw'ubwubatsi.
Gutanga Inyandiko n'Amakarita ya Nyuma
Amakarita y'imirongo y'ubutumburuke (contours), ibishushanyo bya CAD, DTM na raporo za tekiniki bitangwa mu buryo bwifuzwa n'inzobere z'umukiriya.
Kuki Amanota y'Ubugenzuzi ku Butaka (GCP) Ari Ingenzi Cyane?
Nta manota ya GCP yapimwe na DGPS, igipimo cya drone gishobora gutanga ikarita isa neza ku jisho ariko ifite amakosa y'amamero menshi mu kuri kwayo. GCPs zihuza amakuru yo mu kirere n'ibipimo bifatika byapimwe ku butaka, bikaba itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y'ifoto isanzwe yo mu kirere n'ikarita ifite ubuziranenge bwo ku rwego rw'ubuhanga.
| Icyiciro | Ingaruka Ziterwa no Kwihuta cyangwa Gukora Nabi |
|---|---|
| Gahunda y'urugendo | Gufatana kudahagije kw'amafoto bitera ibyuho n'amakosa mu guhuza amakarita |
| Gushyiraho GCP | Amanota make ya GCP cyangwa kutayakwiza neza bituma ikarita yose ihindura umwanya |
| Gufata amakuru | Umwijima cyangwa umuyaga mwinshi bigabanya ubwiza bw'amafoto n'ukuri kwayo |
| Gutunganya amakuru | Kudasuzuma ubuziranenge bituma amakosa yinjira muri raporo ya nyuma atamenyekanye |
Ifoto ya orthomosaic isa neza ntigaragaza ko ifite ukuri ku rwego rwo hejuru rwo gupima ubutaka. Buri gihe baza niba ibyatanzwe byagenzuwe hifashishijwe amanota y'ubugenzuzi ku butaka aho kureba gusa ubwiza bw'ifoto.
Kugurutsa drone nicyo gice cyoroshye kurusha ibindi. Ibikorwa mbere na nyuma yo kuguruka nibyo bigena niba ikarita ishobora kwizerwa.
Ibintu Bigena Ukuri kwa Nyuma kw'Ibipimo
Ubuhagarike bwo kuguruka, ikigero cyo gufatana kw'amafoto, ubwiza bwa camera n'ubwinshi bwa GCP bifatanyiriza hamwe kugena ukuri kw'ibipimo. Inzira yacu yo gupima ubutaka na drone ifata ishyirwaho rya GCP nk'intambwe idashobora kwirengagizwa, kandi buri mushinga urimo isuzuma ry'ubuziranenge bwa topografi mbere yo gutanga ibisubizo bya nyuma.
Ese wifuza kumenya ibikwiye kuba bikubiye muri raporo yawe yo gupima na drone?
Twandikire kugira ngo uguhe inama zirambuye ku buryo ubutaka bwawe buzapimwa kandi bugatunganywa.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Gahunda y'urugendo, gushyiraho GCP, gufata amakuru, kuyatunganya, kugenzura ukuri no gutanga amakarita.
GCPs zihuza amafoto yo mu kirere n'imibare ya DGPS nyakuri kugira ngo ikarita itaba ifite amakosa y'amamero.
Hakenewe kuva kuri 70 kugeza kuri 80 ku ijana byo gufatana hagati y'amafoto yegeranye kugira ngo ahuzwe neza.
Biterwa n'ubunini bw'ubutaka, kuva ku munsi 1 ku butaka buto kugeza ku minsi mike ku mishinga minini cyangwa ya LiDAR.
Orthomosaic ni ifoto imwe ifite ireme ryo hejuru yakosowe amakosa y'imiterere igizwe no guhuriza hamwe ibihumbi by'amafoto ya drone.
Ubutaka buringaniye bukenera GCP 4 kugeza kuri 6, naho ubutaka bunini cyangwa bufite imisozi bukenera menshi kurushaho.
Yego, umuyaga mwinshi, urumuri ruke n'igicucu cy'ibicu bigabanya ubwiza bw'ifoto, bityo indege ziguruka mu kirere cyiza gusa.
Ikarita ya orthomosaic, icyitegererezo cya DTM, amakarita ya contour, ibishushanyo bya CAD na 3D point cloud.
Imibare y'icyitegererezo igereranywa mu mibare n'amanota y'isuzuma yapimwe mu murima ukwayo.
Yego, ibyiciro bitandatu by'ingenzi biguma ari bimwe ku butaka ubwo ari bwo bwose, igihinduka ni ingano y'akazi n'igihe bitwara.
Uyu murongo wagenewe gusa ibibazo bijyanye n'imishinga. Ntabwo ari uwo kubaza iby'amahugurwa cyangwa akazi.